Pneumatic fountain-pen



J. F. GARDNER. PNEUMATIC FOUNTAIN PEN.

FILED APR.29,'I9I8. RENEWED MAY I, l9 I9- Patented June 17, 1919.

APPLICATION IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII INVEN TbR. Jcp/I Gah/nr.

ummum ATTORNEY.

- tainpens-in which the .srATEs orricn.

JOSEP F. 611mm, 1mm CITY, nussonm.

rnnunarrc FOUNTAIN-PEN.

Specification of ietters'latent. l- 'atented J 11113 17 1919,

, App1ication flkdApril,2 Q, 1918, Serial No. 231,305. Renewed lay1,1919. Serial No. 294,095.

To all 'whom it may 0mm:

Be it known'thatI, Josnrrr F. GARDNER, a citizen of'the United States,residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri,have inventeda new and useful Pneumatic Fountain-Pen, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to pneumatic founavit of the fluid is retarded byair, and t eQob ect of my invention is to. provide a simple andefiicient.

fountain pen-which shall automatically and light or heavy writing,drawing or marking, to-obtain uniform shade of ink in the writing,drawing or marking, and to provide a fountain with capacity for a bodyof fluid having gravity to crowd confined air to obtain high sensibilityin the en.

.I attain these objects an other advantages by the mechanism andcombination of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in -whichFigure 1, is a perspective view of a fountain en combining my invention,and shown t e fountain at the upper. end .of the pen;

ig. 2, is a sectional view of the pen, taken on the line 2--2, in Fig.1, and showing my complete invention;

Fig. 3, is a transverse section of the same, taken on the line 33, inFig. 1;

Fig.- 4, is a transverse section of the same,

neck 2,- hermetically' secured in a cup 3,

formed in-the upper end of a fitting 4, the

lower end portion of the fitting being reduced a little and providedwith external screw threads adapted to receive the internal screwthreads at the upper end of a hard rubber tube 5. A hole is boredlongitudinall through the fitting and o ens through the b0 I upper endof a small flexible tube 6, is secured. The lowerend'; of the tube 5, isprovided with internal screw threads adapted to receive the screw end ofa hard rubber tube 1 A plug 8, is hermetically secured n the upper endof the tube 7 and a hole-1s ttom of the cup 3, in .w ich hole the.apertured through the plug, in which hole a small flexible tube 9, issecured by its upper end, The inner diameters (if the tubes 6 and 9, aredimensioned to limit their capacity, 1

so that fluid ink shall gravitate from the fountain through the same invery limited quantity. The tubes 6 and 9, are extended downwardly intheirrespective chambers to a suitable distance below the middle of thechambers, so, that when fluid ink in the chambers shall rise above thelower ends of the tubes, the air in the chambers will be confined andcrowded upward by the gravityv of the fluid ink until the contendingforces cple a suitable distance to support the pen point. A channel 14,is formed longitudinally in the upper'surface of the plug 13, the outerend of the channel-terminating at a point substantially below theopening in the pen point, the inner end thereof openlng into tube 7. Thecapacity of the channel 14, is preferably limited to theidentical'capacity of the small tubes 6 and 9. All joints andconnections are made absolutely air tight, so that the fountain 1, thechamber 15, in tube 5,-and the chamber 16, in tube 7 w1ll notcommunicate with atmosphere when the pen is operative. e

' To operate my pen, the bulb or fountain 1, is removed from the pen byunscrewing it from the tube 5, and the tube 6, immersed into a supply offluid ink, when the bulb is pressed lnward and the pressure released thefluid will be sucked into the bulb, in the well known manner. Thefountain is then air tight. The .pen is held vertical or inclined andthe fluid gravitates from the fitting, through the tube 6, into thechamber it is detained by the pen point 11, when the latter is operativeposition. The fluid attached to the pen, the fitting being made p15;..and thence through the tube 9, into the a chamber 16, and thencethrough the channel '14, in the plug 13,- in the nipple 10, where thenrises in the chamber 16, to above the outlet' of tube 9, and, thereafterrisesuntil the gravity of the fluid and the pressure oi the confined airin the chamber, above the fluid, are equalized. The fluid then rises inthe chamber 15, above the outlet of the tube 6,'.and, thereafter, risinguntil the gravity .of the fluid and the pressure of the confined air inthe chamber,v above the liquid, are equalized. The pen is thenoperative. and

may be used in the customary manner. of

fountain pens. When the pen point yields to the pressure of theoperator, the fluid in the channel 14, oozes along the'pen point andwastes in the usual manner, the waste being immediately andinstantaneously supplied by the fluid in 'chamber;16,the latter beingreplenished from the fluid in chamber -15, and it in turn replenished bythe fluid in the fountain. The contending forces involved in gravitationof the fluid and the back pressure of the air in the chambers provideexe treme sensitiveness to' the waste of the fluid and automaticrestoration of equilibrium in the contending forces. The fluid wasted atthe pen point may be in greater or less degree, as in' the caseof'light' or heavy writing, the loss being automatically and'instantaneously supplied by the fountain in the manner described.

Having described my invention what I claim is- A pneumatic fountainpen,consisting of a. fountain having a body of fluid therein, a ventlesschamber associated with said fountain and havinga fluid body therein andprovided with aduct communicating with the fountain, the lower end ofsaid duct being normally immersed in the fluid in the chamber to subjectthe air in the chamber to the pressure of the fluid,=a ventless chamberassociated with said first mentioned chamber and having a fluid'bodytherein and provided with a duct communicating with the first mentionedchamber, the lower end of said duct bein normally immersed in the fluidin the chamier to subject-the air in the chamber to the pressure of thefluid in the first mentioned chamber, a nipple associated with said lastmentioned chamber and hav-' ing a channel communicating with said lastmentioned chamber, and 'a pen point supportingly engaged by said nippleand adapted to yield to Waste the fluid in the fountain en. p KansasCity, Mo., April 22nd, 1918.

' JOSEPH F. GARDNER. Witnesses:

BATBLE MOCARDLE,

A. C; MILLER.

